The power supply of electrochemical deburring equipment uses thyristor rectifier power supply. There are many technological factors that affect the effect of pulsed electrochemical deburring processing, such as the reasonable design of tool cathode, the parameter selection of pulse power supply, the composition, concentration, pressure and flow rate of electrolyte, electrode gap, current density, processing time and flow field characteristics.
Tool cathode
The tool cathode should be reasonably designed according to the specific burr situation, and attention should be paid to the application of masking technology in the design to ensure that the original accuracy and surface quality of other non-burr parts of the anode surface of the workpiece are protected while efficiently removing burrs. In addition, the basic principles of pulsed electrochemical machining should also be met, even if the electrolyte quickly and evenly washes the machining part, to ensure that the flow field distribution is uniform and reasonable. Because the surface quality of the electrode directly affects the surface quality of the burr removal site, the surface of the tool cathode is required to be smooth and smooth.
Pulse power supply
The theoretical research and machining practice show that using pulse power instead of DC power for deburring can effectively improve the machining precision and surface quality. In processing, a relatively narrow pulse width and a higher pulse frequency are generally used for processing. Due to the gap action and step change of pulse current, the electrolyte in the machining gap oscillates and produces pressure waves. The stirring effect of pressure waves can improve the flow conditions of the electrolyte in the machining gap, accelerate the updating of the electrolyte in the gap, and eliminate the non-uniformity of the conductivity distribution of the electrolyte in the machining gap, thus improving the machining accuracy and improving the surface roughness. In addition, due to the periodic renewal of the electrolyte, the electrochemical products in the gap (metal removed by the anode, hydrogen precipitated by the cathode and Joule heat generated, etc.) can be timely and fully eliminated. Pulse power supply parameters should be reasonably selected according to processing conditions.
electrolyte
The composition of electrolyte is the main factor affecting the machining quality. The nonlinear electrolyte with neutral inorganic salt as the main component has the characteristics of wide application range, easy control, small stray corrosion, good surface quality and no pollution to the environment. During processing, the specific composition of the electrolyte should be determined according to the size of the burr, and the flow direction, flow rate and pressure of the electrolyte should be reasonably designed so that the removed burr can be quickly flushed away from the processing gap to avoid short circuit.
Other process factors
Reasonable selection of the gap between anode and cathode is beneficial to increase the etching speed and machining accuracy, and improve the quality of the machined surface. The choice of current density and processing time is also very important, too much current density will aggravate stray corrosion, too little current density will reduce processing efficiency, extend processing time, and too long processing time will aggravate grain boundary corrosion. Under the premise of meeting the burr removal efficiency, the processing time should be mainly determined according to the size of the processing fillet.
